Sliding Window for Radial Basis Function Neural Network Face Detection

This paper present a Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) face detection using sliding windows. The system will detect faces in a large image where sliding window will run inside the image and identified whether there is a face inside the current window. Face detection is the first step in face recognition system. The purpose is to localize and extract the face region from the background that will be fed into the face recognition system for identification. General preprocessing approach was used for normalizing the image and a Radial Basis Function (RBF) Neural Network was used to distinguish between face and non-face images. RBFNN offer several advantages compared to other neural network architecture such as they can be trained using fast two stages training algorithm and the network possesses the property of best approximation. The output of the network can be optimized by setting suitable values of the center and spread of the RBF. In this paper, a uniform fixed spread value will be used. The performance of the system will be based on the rate of detection and also false negative rate

Machine vision based height measuring system

This paper presents a machine vision based height measuring system. The system will measure the height of a product based on the input from a webcam. The input image from the webcam will then be processed using image processing and then calculated to give the height of the product. In the market, there are many products that need to be measured whether the length or the height. These products also have different size and shape. There are several problems when using manual method for measuring such as man power will be needed at the station, longer time needed for measuring the product and the measurement may not be so accurate. This system aims to reduce these problems by developing a measuring system based on vision system

An Analysis Of Multiple Size Region Of Interest In Disparity Mapping For Stereo Vision Application

This paper presents an analysis of multiple size region of interest in selected area or segment of disparity mapping in application of stereo vision. The mapping is about to deal with the intensities of pixels which allocate the depths of an image and can be extracted to get the distance values. This region is a reference view of the stereo camera and stereo vision baseline is based on horizontal configuration. The block matching technique is briefly described with the performance of its output. The disparity mapping is generated by the algorithm with the reference to the left image coordinate. The algorithm uses Sum of Absolute Differences (SAD) which is developed using Matlab software. The rectification and block matching processes are also briefly described in this paper

THREE BIT SUBTRACTION CIRCUIT VIA FIELD PROGRAMMABLE

This project is about to design the software and hardware simulator for a Three Bit subtraction Circuit via Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The three bit subtraction circuits are involved in performing the subtraction for each bit by performs operation the arithmetic and logic unit, called the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU). All this operation is to be displayed at seven segment using FPGA board by using Verilog language. A FPGA is a semiconductor device containing programmable logic components called "logic blocks", and programmable interconnects. Logic blocks can be programmed to perform the function of basic logic gates such as AND, and XOR, or more complex combinational functions such as decoders or simple mathematical functions such as additional, subtraction, multiplication, and divisions (+, -, x, ÷). In conclusion, three bit subtraction circuit via FPGA has been successfully designed and developed. In order to have a complete system that is design by our own, one of the recommendation to enhance the possibility of this thesis is to develop the hardware equip with wireless technology

Simulation of WiMAX System Based on OFDM Model with Difference Adaptive Modulation Techniques

This paper presents the simulation of Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) system based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) with different adaptive modulation techniques. WiMAX is the next generation broadband wireless technology which offers greater range and bandwidth compared to the other available broadband wireless access technologies such as Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) and Ultra Wideband (UWB) family of standards. The simulation is based on the WiMAX physical layer which adopted an OFDM model in the transmitter and receiver. The Matlab software is used to develop the OFDM model and analysis the performance of WiMAX system. Hence the investigation of the performance of OFDM physical layer in WiMAX system by using different adaptive modulation techniques like Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK), Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK), Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) for modulator and demodulator. The performance of system was compared between the model with cyclic prefix and without cylic prefix. The cyclic prefix is added additional bits at the transmitter end. The signal is transmitted through the channel and it is received at the receiver end. Then the receiver removes these additional bits. The purpose of the cyclic prefix is to minimize the inter symbol interference and to improve the bit error rate. The analysis is based on the Bit Error Rate (BER), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) and probability error. At the end, the modulation BPSK and QPSK have the lower bit error rate while the 64 QAM has the higher bit error rate at low SNR. For the probability of error, the lower order modulation scheme also has the lower BER at low SNR

Simulation of Wideband Power Amplifier Design for Software Defined Radio (SDR) Using Feedback and Balanced Topology

This paper presents the design of power amplifier based on balanced and feedback topology for Software Defined Radio (SDR) using Agilent Advanced Design System (ADS) software. There is a growing interest in SDR in recent years upon the development of new technologies which that capable to support a coverage of Global System for Mobile (GSM), Third Generation (3G) and Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) at the same location provided by one base station compare to before which is needed a separate base station for different channel bandwidth. The main objective of this research is to design a wideband power amplifier for SDR system that can support wide range frequency from 1.7 GHz to 2.7 GHz using GaAs Enhancementmode pHEMT transistor from Avago Technologies. The relevant amplifier theory with detailed descriptions of design and simulation processes was discussed in this paper. There are three techniques which are single stage, balanced, and the feedback was used for wideband power amplifier design. In 1 dB compression point for the simulated amplifier, more than 30 dBm of output power, efficiency (PAE) of 50% and gain of 10 dB are achieved. The design based on feedback topology give the highest gain and output power compared to balanced topology

Simulation of 2.4 GHz Low Power RF Front End Design for Radio over Fiber Technology

This paper presents the simulation low power RF front end design of radio access point (RAP) for Radio over Fiber (RoF) technology at 2.4 GHz. Wireless network based on radio over fiber (RoF) technology has been proposed as a promising cost effective solution to meet ever increasing user bandwidth and wireless demands. In this network, a central station (CS) is connected to numerous functionally simple radio access point (RAP) via an optical fiber.The only components required at the passive RAP are Electro Absorption Modulator (EAM) and antenna where EAM is used as a remote transceiver. Pico cell has a coverage range up to 100 m. To achieve this distance, RAP needs to operate in active mode, by inserting RF power amplifier and Bandpass Filter (BPF) between EAM and the antenna for the downlink path. BPF is needed remove out of band interference after EAM while the power amplifier is used to improve the dynamic range of RAP. The implementation of the design is based on microstrip technology and Advanced Design System (ADS) software used to perform the simulation. In the simulation, the analyses of scattering parameters are concerned which presents the gain and return loss of the front end. At the end of design, the combination between parallel couple BPF and power amplifier is purposed as a RF front end of RAP for RoF technology

Analysis on vowel /E/ in Malay language recognition via Convolution Neural Network (CNN)

In recent years, the silent killer disease, defined as a non-communicable disease, has become a frequent topic discussed in many academic discussions. Although this disease is not transferable from one to another, starting from 1990, the increment trend was annually published by the world statistic data for this disease, e.g., heart attack and stroke. The more significant consequence of these two diseases is to disable one or more human capabilities. One of the stroke disease effects is becoming disabled from hearing. Speech disabilities are the focus of this proposed study in this paper. Since the person diagnosed as a stroke patient requires attending the recovery session or rehabilitation session, the rehabilitation center must prepare and provide a sound module and system to help the patient regain their capability. Rehabilitation is an alternative path to gradually giving routine practice to the patient to improve their capability back. For this purpose, the rehab center requires a quantity of time to provide the patient to attend the training session. The training, however, is conducted in two ways, physically and virtually. For the Malaysia stroke patient, the training for pronouncing the vowel in the Malay language is crucial in getting back the speaking capability. Since the Malay language has 6 types of vowels, which are/a/,/e/,/ê/,/i/,/u/, and/o/. Here, there is a limitation to smartly recognizing the difference between the two/e/vowels. Malay's/e/vowel is crucial as the similar spelling vocabulary conveys two different meanings. This study analyzed the differences in recognizing the two/e/vowels using Convolution Neural Network (CNN) with the help of the existing sound-image dataset

Design the High Gain and Low Power Amplifier for Radio over Fiber Technology at 2.4 GHz

This paper describes the high performance design a power amplifier for Radio over Fiber (RoF) Technology at 2.4 GHz using Agilents HBFP-0450 transistor. Based on wireless network RoF technology has been proposed as a promising cost effective solution to meet ever increasing user bandwidth and wireless demands. In this network, a central station (CS) is connected to numerous functionally simple Radio Access Point (RAP) via an optical fiber. The only components required at the passive RAP are Electro Absorption Modulator (EAM) and antenna where EAM is used as a remote transceiver. There are practical limitations on the power that can produce by the passive RAP which can affect the dynamic range. In order to improve the dynamic range of passive pico cell RAP power amplifier is placed at the front end of RAP for the downlink transmission which operate in active mode. The central station (CS) is connected to numerous functionally simple RAP via an optical fiber in the RoF network. The design is based on the conjugate matching method which able to achieve the maximum gain. The performance of the design simulation done using Agilent Advanced Design System (ADS) software . The design has shown an acceptable behavior with gain of 13.172 dB. At the 1-dB compression point the output power is approximately 16.108 dB and the Power Added Efficiency (PAE) is 24.915 %

IIR and FIR digital filter : a case study

This paper is about to analyze and identify the digital audio signal. Two audio signals are provided which is the original audio and the added noise audio signal. The purpose of the study is to identify and eliminate the unknown noise signals by using Finite Impulse Response and Infinite Impulse Response digital filters. The detail steps to design the both have been stated in this paper. All the results is simulated and showed in MATLAB to show the comparison between the two. Keywords- FIR, IIR, MATLAB